Sunset Crater and Crescent Moon

This is looking west at the base of Sunset Crater's 1,000-foot (300-meter) rise, with a pine and crescent moon. This cinder cone may be only 1 mile (1.6 Km) in diameter at its base, but the resulting ash field from it spans approximately 800 square miles (over 2,000 Km²).

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San Francisco Peaks View

At the west base of Sunset Crater, this is the view looking west, across Lenox Crater in the middleground, and the San Francisco Peaks in the background. The San Francisco Peaks are the remnants of a volcano that rose about 16,000 feet (4,900 meters) until its last eruption about 400,000 years ago. The sharp edges marking the summits of these peaks are the result of Pleistocene-age glaciation.

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Sunset Crater and Aa Lava

From the Lava Flow Trail looking east at Sunset Crater, this is the Bonita Lava Flow, comprised of aa basalt. This lava flow covers about 1.8 square miles (4.6 km²) and is up to 100 feet (30 meters) thick. The Bonita Lava Flow was one of the last volcanic events to occur here, as this lava issued from the west base of Sunset Crater around 1220 A.D.

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Wukoki Ruins and Moenkopi Ripple Marks

On the east side of Wupatki National Monument is the isolated pueblo of Wukoki. These ruins, as well as much of the larger Wupatki ruins below, are situated on the flat mesa-forming Triassic-age Moenkopi Sandstone. Much of the exposed natural surface around these ruins are notably undulating. These are fossilized ripple marks, formed by the gentle wave action in the shallow water of an ancient coastal floodplain.

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Like the ruin above, parts of the Wupatki pueblo were built directly on a resistant sandstone bed of the Moenkopi Formation. And as above, some of this exposure is covered by fossilized ripple marks.

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